Final answer:
After a mature mediastinal teratoma has been surgically removed, monitoring is essential to detect recurrences early, particularly using tumor markers such as AFP. An elevation in AFP levels could suggest a relapse, necessitating further treatment.
Step-by-step explanation:
Monitoring After Resection of Mediastinal Teratoma
After the successful surgical removal of a mature mediastinal teratoma, ongoing monitoring is crucial in the management of cancer survivors. This is to ensure any possible recurrence is detected early. The surveillance program often includes measuring tumor markers such as alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), which can become elevated if there is a relapse. For instance, an elevated AFP level in a child who was previously treated for a teratoma may indicate a recurrence in the form of an endodermal sinus tumor, which is a subtype of germ cell tumors.
Regular follow-up with chest imaging and blood tests, including the AFP measurement, helps detect recurrences or secondary malignancies, allowing for prompt intervention. Therefore, the role of postoperative surveillance is pivotal in maintaining a favorable prognosis and guiding the need for further treatment if necessary.
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