Question

The ____ protein of Agrobacterium is phosphorylated by VirA in the presence of wounded plant cells. (In your answer include the full name of the protein: for example ChvX or VirX, instead of the X protein.)

Answer 1

The VirG protein of Agrobacterium is phosphorylated by VirA in the presence of wounded plant cells, facilitating the transfer of T-DNA to the plant genome.

Step-by-step explanation:

The protein of Agrobacterium that is phosphorylated by VirA in the presence of wounded plant cells is known as the VirG protein. When plant cells are damaged, certain compounds are released that are detected by the VirA protein, which then adds a phosphate group to the VirG protein.

This phosphorylation event is part of a signaling cascade that activates the transfer of T-DNA from the Agrobacterium tumefaciens to the plant cell. The transferred DNA integrates into the plant genome, leading to the production of plant growth substances like cytokinins and auxins that cause gall formation.