Final Answer:
The term used to describe programmed cell death is C. apoptosis.
Step-by-step explanation:
Apoptosis is a carefully regulated process of programmed cell death that plays a crucial role in various physiological functions, including embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, and the elimination of damaged or unwanted cells. Unlike mitosis (option A) and cytokinesis (option B), which involve cell division and the production of new cells, apoptosis is the controlled and orchestrated process of cellular self-destruction. This mechanism is essential for maintaining tissue integrity, removing damaged cells, and shaping organ development.
Cancer (option D) is characterized by uncontrolled cell growth and the avoidance of apoptosis, emphasizing the significance of apoptosis in preventing abnormal cell proliferation.
Option C is answer.