Final answer:
Max Planck and Albert Einstein both contributed to the understanding of light as having wave-particle duality, with Einstein introducing the concept of photons. Louis de Broglie extended this duality to material particles like electrons, suggesting they have wave-like properties as well. The correct option is a.
Step-by-step explanation:
The ideas about the behavior of light versus the behavior of particles are distinct among the scientists mentioned. Max Planck and Albert Einstein contributed to the concept of wave-particle duality of light, whereas Louie de Broglie extended this duality concept to matter particles, such as electrons.
Planck proposed that energy is quantized and introduced the idea that light can be emitted in discrete units called quanta. Einstein's photoelectric effect further supported this particle view of light by introducing photons, which are quantized packets of light energy that exhibit particle-like properties. In contrast, de Broglie hypothesized that particles like electrons also have wave properties, predicting a relationship between the momentum of a particle and its associated wavelength.
Therefore, the correct contrast is: Max Planck proposed the wave-particle duality of light, while Albert Einstein further developed this idea through the concept of photons. Contrasting to both, Louis de Broglie suggested that not just light but material particles like electrons also exhibit wave-like behavior.
The correct option is a.