Final answer:
Ben Franklin is the authentic 18th century American philosophe, a key figure in the American Enlightenment who made numerous contributions to society, representing the philosophes' engagement with knowledge and progress. The correct option is B.
Step-by-step explanation:
The genuine 18th century American philosophe among the options provided is Ben Franklin. Benjamin Franklin was a leading figure in the American Enlightenment.
It is included the harnessing of reason to understand the world and human existence, and he embodied the Enlightenment's commitment to the improvement of society through knowledge.
Franklin was a prolific inventor, printer, and writer, and he made significant contributions to a variety of fields. Philosophes like Franklin sought to apply the scientific method to society and governance, with an emphasis on progress, skepticism, and intellectual freedom. The correct option is B.