Final answer:
Extraversion is the Big Five personality factor most strongly associated with leadership, characterized by traits like sociability and assertiveness.
The correct option is d.
Step-by-step explanation:
Of the Big Five personality factors, extraversion is the most strongly associated with leadership. Extraversion is characterized by traits such as sociability, assertiveness, excitement-seeking, and emotional expression. People high in extraversion are often perceived as outgoing and warm, which can contribute positively to leadership dynamics.
In contrast, openness involves imagination and curiosity, conscientiousness involves organization and goal-directed behavior, agreeableness is related to being cooperative and trustworthy, and neuroticism involves emotional stability. While all these traits may affect leadership to some extent, extraversion has been most commonly linked to successful leadership.
The correct option is d.