Final Answer:
The Aryan ethnic group is believed to have invaded the Harappan Civilization.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Aryan invasion theory posits that the Harappan Civilization, one of the ancient civilizations of the Indian subcontinent, faced an influx of the Aryan ethnic group. This theory suggests that around 1500 BCE, the pastoral and nomadic Aryans migrated into the Indian subcontinent, interacting with and eventually displacing the indigenous Harappan population.
The Aryan invasion theory is supported by linguistic, archaeological, and cultural evidence. Linguistically, the Vedic Sanskrit of the Aryans is distinct from the Dravidian languages spoken in the Indus Valley, indicating a cultural shift. Archaeological evidence includes the appearance of new artifacts and changes in settlement patterns coinciding with the proposed timing of the Aryan migration.
However, it's essential to note that this theory is debated among scholars, and alternative hypotheses exist. Some argue for a more gradual assimilation of cultures rather than a sudden invasion. The complexity of ancient history and the limitations of available evidence contribute to ongoing discussions and differing perspectives on the interactions between the Aryan group and the Harappan Civilization.
In conclusion, while the Aryan invasion theory provides a plausible explanation for the decline of the Harappan Civilization, it remains a topic of scholarly debate, and our understanding of this historical period continues to evolve.