Final Answer:
A scatter diagram shows the relationship between two variables in a process. Thus the option B. scatter diagram is correct.
Step-by-step explanation:
A scatter diagram is a visual representation that displays the relationship between two variables. It is particularly useful in quality management and process improvement to analyze how changes in one variable may affect another. By plotting data points on a graph, patterns and trends between the variables become evident, allowing for a qualitative assessment of their relationship.
In a scatter diagram, one variable is plotted on the x-axis, and the other variable is plotted on the y-axis. Each data point represents a pair of values for these variables. The pattern formed by the points can indicate the nature of the relationship—whether it is positive, negative, or random. Positive correlation implies that as one variable increases, the other also increases; negative correlation suggests that as one variable increases, the other decreases; and a random pattern suggests a lack of correlation. Analyzing a scatter diagram aids in understanding the dynamics between two variables, helping organizations make informed decisions and improvements in their processes.
In summary, a scatter diagram is a valuable tool for visually assessing and understanding the relationship between two variables in a process. Its graphical representation facilitates intuitive insights into how changes in one variable may impact another, providing a foundation for effective decision-making and continuous improvement initiatives
Thus the option B. scatter diagram is correct.