Final answer:
The conflict between Jonathan's conclusions demonstrates confirmation bias.
Step-by-step explanation:
The conflict between Jonathan's two conclusions demonstrates the cognitive bias known as confirmation bias. Confirmation bias is the tendency to interpret or seek out information in a way that confirms preexisting beliefs or expectations. In this case, Jonathan first interpreted his classmate's slip as evidence of clumsiness because it aligned with his belief about that classmate. Then, when Jonathan slipped and fell himself, he interpreted it as evidence that the icy spot was well hidden and the fall was inevitable, confirming his belief about the nature of the spot.