Final answer:
Leaders inspire and set visions for the future, while managers are responsible for daily operations and implementing leaders' strategies. Leadership styles vary from transactional to transformational and from instrumental to expressive. Organizational structures are moving towards collaborative systems and away from rigid hierarchies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Within organizations, leaders are needed to inspire organizational members and challenge the status quo, while managers are needed to oversee day-to-day operations and execute the leader's ideas. Leadership in organizations involves various styles, including transactional and transformational leadership, with the former maintaining the status quo and the latter inspiring and motivating change. Moreover, leadership functions can be instrumental, focusing on task accomplishment, or expressive, concentrating on emotional support.
Managerial styles such as Theory X and Theory Y indicate different approaches to overseeing employees, with Theory X being more directive and controlling, while Theory Y managers encourage autonomy and involvement. Democracy, laissez-faire, and authoritarian leadership styles allow for different degrees of participation and control within a group. In recent years, the trend in organizational management has been towards a more collaborative and flatter organizational structure, with less emphasis on rigid hierarchies.