Final answer:
Cognitive dissonance is the psychological discomfort arising from holding inconsistent beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors, particularly when they conflict with one's self-image. Therefore correct option is B
Step-by-step explanation:
The feeling of discomfort caused by holding two contrary attitudes and acknowledging the validity of both arguments is called cognitive dissonance. Psychologist Leon Festinger defined cognitive dissonance as the psychological discomfort arising from holding two or more inconsistent attitudes, behaviors, or cognitions. For example, if someone believes that smoking is bad for their health but continues to smoke, they experience cognitive dissonance. This conflict between belief and behavior causes psychological stress because it runs counter to our self-image.