Question

The flowchart below shows the pathway a protein hormone takes from the site of synthesis to its transport out of the cell. Ribosomes → rough endoplasmic reticulum → vesicle → Golgi apparatus → vesicle → outside the cell. a) Identify where exocytosis begins in this pathway. b) How is the protein transported out of the cell? 1) Ribosomes 2) Rough endoplasmic reticulum 3) Vesicle 4) Golgi apparatus 5) Outside the cell

Answer 1

a) Exocytosis begins at the vesicle stage in the pathway.

b) The protein is transported out of the cell through exocytosis, where the vesicle containing the protein fuses with the cell membrane, releasing its contents outside the cell.

Step-by-step explanation:

a) Exocytosis begins at the vesicle stage in the pathway. In the process of exocytosis, vesicles containing proteins or other substances fuse with the cell membrane, releasing their contents to the exterior of the cell.

b) The protein is transported out of the cell through exocytosis. After synthesis in the ribosomes and passage through the rough endoplasmic reticulum, the protein is packaged into vesicles. These vesicles then move to the Golgi apparatus for further processing. From the Golgi apparatus, vesicles containing the protein are transported to the cell membrane. During exocytosis, the vesicle membrane fuses with the cell membrane, releasing the protein into the extracellular space. This is a crucial mechanism for the secretion of proteins from the cell.