Final answer:
The roles of perpetrators and bystanders in human rights violations are analyzed in light of the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Despite established human rights frameworks, breaches continue, underlining challenges in international intervention and the need for accountability.
Step-by-step explanation:
The examination and analysis of the roles of perpetrators and bystanders in human rights violations such as those that occurred in Cambodia, Rwanda, and Darfur are crucial to understanding accountability in light of the UN Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR).
This declaration, along with subsequent conventions and international laws, establishes a framework intended to prevent genocides and protect human rights globally. However, despite these efforts, there have been instances where the international community has been criticized for not effectively deterring genocides nor bringing the perpetrators to justice, as was seen in the case of genocide against a community for more than four years.
Post-World War II, the UN spearheaded global citizenship, necessitating that member nations adhere to universal declarations about human rights and report on their progress.
Despite these standards, various African governments and militant groups have been implicated in widespread human rights abuses, as seen in the conflict in Rwanda, where an estimated 800,000 people were slaughtered during the 1994 genocide.
The UN's response to such atrocities has included the establishment of international criminal tribunals and the International Criminal Court (ICC) to end impunity and pursue justice for victims.
Bystanders have played various roles in human rights violations, often enabling perpetrators, thereby highlighting the importance of confronting injustice or it persists. An examination of the sources and limits of UN power is also integral to understanding how peacekeepers and international law can be mobilized to support human rights and social justice globally.