In the context of the sentence you provided, "record" means to register electronically.
The term "sentence" can have different meanings depending on the context. In linguistics and grammar, a sentence is typically defined as a group of words that expresses a complete thought and contains a subject and a predicate.
The sentence suggests that students and housewives in Iran used their mobile phones and computers to capture and document footage electronically, which played a role in the events following disputed elections.
The line implies that students and housewives in Iran utilized their mobile phones and laptops to electronically collect and document footage, which had a role in the events that followed disputed elections.