Final answer:
In statistics, the symbols 's' and 's²' represent sample standard deviation and sample variance respectively, while 'σ' and 'σ²' represent population standard deviation and population variance. Units of these measures are in grams (g) or grams squared (g²) if the sample data consists of weights measured in grams.
Step-by-step explanation:
The symbols used for each of the following are: (a) the sample standard deviation is represented by the lowercase letter s, (b) the population standard deviation is represented by the Greek letter σ (sigma), (c) the sample variance is represented by s², and (d) the population variance is represented by σ². When dealing with sample data consisting of weights measured in grams, the units used for these statistics and parameters would also be in grams. Specifically, for variance and standard deviation, the units would be grams squared (g²) for variance and grams (g) for standard deviation.
To calculate the standard deviation, we first determine the variance by averaging the squares of the deviations from the mean. For a sample, this is the x - x values, and for a population, it's the x - μ values. The sample variance s² is the average of these squares for a sample, and the population variance σ² is for a population. Subsequently, the standard deviation is the square root of the respective variance.