Final answer:
The question involves analyzing scatter plots to determine the type of association between variables and to assess the suitability of the data for linear regression, including calculation of the least-squares line and correlation coefficient.
Step-by-step explanation:
The question pertains to the analysis of scatter plots and the determination of associations between variables. When examining a scatter plot, the goal is to describe the pattern observed and conclude whether the variables demonstrated would be suitable for linear regression.
This involves identifying the type of correlation (positive, negative, or none) and the strength of the relationship. Using the steps provided, one must:
- Determine the independent and dependent variables.
- Construct a scatter plot.
- Visually inspect the relationship between the variables.
- Calculate the least-squares line and put it in the form ŷ = a + bx.
- Compute the correlation coefficient and assess its significance.
- If relevant, find estimated values based on the regression line and discuss the fitness of the line to the data.
- Consider if there are any outliers influencing the data.
These steps help in understanding the nature of the relationship between the variables and guide in making predictions or inferences about one variable based on the other.