Question

what is the theoretical yield (in grams) of the sunscreen created from 0.30 ml of cinnamaldehyde and acetophenone? do not include units in your answer.

Answer 1

The theoretical yield of sunscreen from 0.30 mL of cinnamaldehyde and acetophenone is 0.439 grams.

How to determine the theoretical yield of sunscreen from 0.30 mL of cinnamaldehyde and acetophenone?

1. Calculate the moles of cinnamaldehyde:

• Convert the volume of cinnamaldehyde from milliliters to liters:
  `\(0.30 \, \text{mL} * \left(\frac{1 \, \text{L}}{1000 \, \text{mL}}\right) = 0.00030 \, \text{L}\)`
• Calculate the moles of cinnamaldehyde using its molar mass (132.16 g/mol):
  `\(\text{moles of cinnamaldehyde} = 0.00030 \, \text{L} * \left(\frac{1 \, \text{mol}}{132.16 \, \text{g}}\right) * (58.08 \, \text{g/mol}) = 0.00226 \, \text{mol}\)`

2.Identify the limiting reagent:

• Determine the moles of acetophenone using its molar mass (120.12 g/mol):

`\(\text{moles of acetophenone} = 0.30 \, \text{mL} * \left(\frac{1 \, \text{L}}{1000 \, \text{mL}}\right) * \left(\frac{1 \, \text{mol}}{120.12 \, \text{g}}\right) * (58.08 \, \text{g/mol}) = 0.00517 \, \text{mol}\)`

• Compare the moles of cinnamaldehyde and acetophenone:

`\(0.00226 \, \text{mol cinnamaldehyde} < 0.00517 \, \text{mol acetophenone}\)`

• Since cinnamaldehyde has fewer moles, it is the limiting reagent.

3. Calculate the theoretical yield:

• Balanced chemical equation:
  `\(C9H8O + 3C3H6O \rightarrow C12H14O3\)`

• 1 mole of cinnamaldehyde reacts with 3 moles of acetophenone to produce 1 mole of sunscreen.

• Use moles of cinnamaldehyde to calculate the theoretical yield of sunscreen:
  `\(\text{moles of sunscreen} = 0.00226 \, \text{mol} * \left(\frac{1 \, \text{mol sunscreen}}{1 \, \text{mol cinnamaldehyde}}\right) = 0.00226 \, \text{mol}\)`

• Convert moles of sunscreen to grams using its molar mass (194.24 g/mol):

`\(\text{grams of sunscreen} = 0.00226 \, \text{mol} * 194.24 \, \text{g/mol} = 0.439 \, \text{g}\)`

Therefore, the theoretical yield of sunscreen from 0.30 mL of cinnamaldehyde and acetophenone is 0.439 grams.