All of the given options contribute to instability and conflict in various parts of the world.
Causes of conflict and Instability
Poverty: Poverty is a fundamental cause of instability and conflict. When individuals lack basic necessities like food, shelter, and healthcare, they are more likely to become desperate and turn to violence as a means of survival or to escape their dire circumstances. Poverty can also breed resentment and social unrest, creating fertile ground for conflict to take hold.
Despair: is a deep sense of hopelessness and pessimism that can lead individuals and communities to engage in destructive behaviors, including violence.
Inequality: whether it's economic, social, or political, can exacerbate existing tensions and fuel resentment among different groups. When a significant portion of the population feels marginalized, excluded, or deprived of opportunities, they may resort to violence to demand a more equitable distribution of resources and power
Militarization: The presence of armed groups and a culture of militarization can significantly increase the risk of conflict. When weapons are readily available and violence is normalized, it becomes easier for individuals and groups to resort to force to resolve disputes or achieve their goals.