Final answer:
Michel Eugène Chevreul's work in color theory, especially his concept of simultaneous contrast, influenced groundbreaking artistic movements such as Impressionism and artists like Georges Seurat. Chevreul was on a quest to derive the principles of harmony in colors when presented together, impacting color theory significantly.
Step-by-step explanation:
The questioned asked about the contribution of Michel Eugène Chevreul to the dyeing of carpets and textiles, and his role in the development of color theory. Chevreul was involved in the scientific study of colors and their perception, a principle known as simultaneous contrast. This concept relates to the way adjacent colors affect each other when viewed side by side. Chevreul's work was influential to artists like Georges Seurat, who based his technique of Divisionism, also known as Pointillism, on these principles. Seurat's approach to painting with small dots of pure color placed next to each other was designed to mix colors in the viewer's eye, creating the desired image and effect. This revolutionary technique in art aimed to capture light and emotion on canvas in a new way, influencing movements such as Impressionism and beyond.
Therefore, Chevreul's contribution to the study of color in textiles was not about proving the impossibility of mixing surface colors, nor specifically about creating the first subtractive color system or proving the supremacy of Newton's prismatic colors. Instead, Chevreul was on a quest to derive the principles of harmony that govern colors presented together (Option C). His work led to the understanding of how colors can change depending on their context, which had a profound impact on the arts, particularly in color theory and its application in painting.