Final Answer:
According to Arlie Hochschild, emotion management refers to the process through which individuals actively shape, express, and control their emotions to align with social and cultural expectations. It involves strategies such as surface acting (altering outward expressions) and deep acting (modifying inner feelings) to navigate social interactions effectively.
Step-by-step explanation:
Emotion Management Definition: Hochschild's concept of emotion management involves the deliberate handling of one's emotions in social situations.
Conscious Regulation: The term highlights the intentional and conscious nature of controlling emotions, indicating that individuals actively choose how to express or suppress their feelings.
Adherence to Social Norms: Emotion management is driven by the desire to conform to societal norms and expectations. Individuals adjust their emotional displays to fit accepted standards within a given cultural or social context.
Masking True Feelings: This aspect underscores the idea that individuals may present emotions that differ from their genuine feelings, demonstrating the performative nature of emotions in social interactions.