Final answer:
Rocket engines and jet propulsion engines work on the principle of Newton's third law of motion. The acceleration of a rocket can be calculated using the equation a = (T - mg) / m, where T is the thrust, m is the mass, and g is the force of gravity. An Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) is a small gas turbine engine used for various purposes in an aircraft.
Step-by-step explanation:
Rocket engines and jet propulsion engines work on the same principle of Newton's third law of motion, which states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. In rocket engines, a high-speed jet of exhaust gases is expelled backward, creating a forward thrust.
This is achieved by burning fuel and oxidizer in a combustion chamber and expelling the exhaust gases through a nozzle at high velocity.
The acceleration of a rocket can be derived from Newton's second law of motion.
The force of the rocket engine thrust, T, minus the force of gravity acting on the rocket, mg, provides the net force.
The acceleration, a, of a rocket can be calculated using the equation: a = (T - mg) / m, where m is the mass of the rocket.
Factors that affect the acceleration of a rocket include the amount of thrust produced by the engine, the mass of the rocket, and the force of gravity acting on the rocket.
Increasing the thrust or decreasing the mass of the rocket will increase its acceleration, while increasing the force of gravity acting on the rocket will decrease its acceleration.
An Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) is a small gas turbine engine used to provide auxiliary power for various purposes in an aircraft,
such as generating electricity, providing pneumatic power for air conditioning and pressurization systems, and starting the aircraft's main engines.