Final answer:
The selective beta blockers used to treat hypertension are Atenolol and Metoprolol. These drugs work by blocking beta-1 receptors to reduce heart rate and blood pressure, thus improving cardiac function in patients with cardiovascular diseases.
Step-by-step explanation:
The selective/cardioselective beta blockers used to treat hypertension from the given options are Atenolol and Metoprolol. These medications work by selectively blocking the beta-1 receptors on the heart, which reduces the heart rate and force of contraction, leading to a decrease in blood pressure. Unlike non-selective beta blockers such as Propranolol, which block both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors, selective beta blockers primarily affect the heart and minimize the impact on the lungs and other tissues. Bisoprolol is another selective beta blocker that is commonly prescribed for hypertension.
It is important to note that beta blockers like Atenolol and Metoprolol can improve cardiac function in individuals with conditions such as congestive heart failure or a history of heart attack by preventing excessive heart stimulation from adrenaline. However, overprescription of these drugs may lead to negative side effects such as bradycardia or even cardiac arrest. Therefore, it is crucial that these medications are prescribed and monitored by a healthcare professional. Propranolol and Carvedilol are examples of non-selective beta blockers that are not listed as options in this question.
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