Answer:
Explanation According to Peter H. Wood, the institution of slavery underwent a transformation from 1650 to 1700 that further exploited black people. During this period, several factors contributed to the intensification of the exploitation of enslaved Africans.
1. Increasing demand: The demand for labor in the American colonies grew significantly during this time due to the expansion of agriculture, particularly the cultivation of tobacco and rice. As a result, more enslaved Africans were imported to meet the rising labor needs.
2. Slave codes and laws: The colonies implemented strict slave codes and laws to control and oppress enslaved Africans. These laws denied basic rights and freedoms to enslaved people, treating them as property rather than human beings. The codes gave slaveholders almost unlimited power over their enslaved laborers and made it extremely difficult for enslaved individuals to gain their freedom.
3. Physical and psychological abuse: Slavery became increasingly brutal during this period, with enslaved Africans subjected to extreme physical and psychological abuse. Slaveholders used violent punishments, such as whipping and branding, to maintain control and instill fear among the enslaved population.
4. Slave trade and Middle Passage: The transatlantic slave trade reached its peak during the late 17th century. Enslaved Africans were captured and transported under horrific conditions on ships across the Atlantic Ocean in what became known as the Middle Passage. Many enslaved people died during the voyage due to the cramped and unsanitary conditions, further dehumanizing them.
5. Economic exploitation: Enslaved Africans were seen as valuable commodities and were used for labor-intensive activities such as plantation agriculture. Slaveholders maximized their profits by extracting as much labor as possible from the enslaved individuals, often working them to exhaustion.
Overall, the transformation of slavery from 1650 to 1700 led to the increased exploitation of black people. The demand for labor, the implementation of oppressive laws, physical and psychological abuse, the slave trade, and economic exploitation all contributed to this exploitation. It is essential to understand these historical factors to fully comprehend the profound impact of slavery on black people and American society as a whole.n: