Final answer:
a. Data refers to raw, unstructured facts or figures, while information is the processed and organized data that has meaning.
b. The characteristics of useful information are accurate, relevant, complete, clear, and timely.
c. The value of information can be determined by considering its usefulness, relevance, reliability, and cost.
Step-by-step explanation:
Data refers to raw, unstructured facts or figures that are collected. It can be in various forms such as numbers, text, images, and so on. On the other hand, information is the processed and organized data that has meaning to the recipient. It is created when data is analyzed, interpreted, and presented in a way that is useful and understandable.
The characteristics of useful information include accuracy, relevancy, completeness, clarity, and timeliness. Accurate information is free of errors and is reliable. Relevant information is directly related to the topic or purpose at hand. Complete information provides all the necessary details. Clear information is presented in a way that is easy to understand. Timely information is provided when needed and is up-to-date.
The value of information can be determined by considering its usefulness, relevance, reliability, and cost. Useful information is valuable because it helps in decision-making and problem-solving. Relevant information is important because it is directly related to the specific task or problem. Reliable information is trustworthy and can be depended upon. The cost of obtaining and using the information should also be taken into account to assess its value.