Final answer:
An advance directive is a written statement of a person's medical treatment preferences to be followed if they are unable to communicate; it can include a living will, DNR order, and the appointment of a health care proxy.The correct option is: a) Advance directive
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer to the student's question is a) Advance directive. An advance directive is a written legal document that specifies a person's wishes regarding medical treatment in the event they are unable to communicate their decisions to a doctor. This can include a living will, which articulates specific medical interventions an individual does or does not want, such as mechanical ventilation or feeding tubes.
It may also encompass a do not resuscitate (DNR) order, indicating that medical personnel should not perform CPR if the person's heart stops or they stop breathing. Furthermore, a person can appoint a health care proxy within their advance directive to make medical decisions on their behalf if they become incapable of doing so.
These decisions are often influenced by one's religion, culture, personal beliefs, and experiences, and they reflect the individual's desire for autonomy even when they may lack the capacity to express it.The correct option is: a) Advance directive