Answer:
"The World is an Apple" is a short story written by Filipino author Alberto S. Florentino. The cultural elements in the story reflect the societal norms and values of the Philippines during the time it was written. Here are some cultural elements and their contributions to the characters' motivations and actions:
Filipino Family Values:
The story emphasizes the importance of family ties and the Filipino value of utang na loob (debt of gratitude). The character's sense of responsibility and obligation to his family influences his decisions and actions throughout the narrative.
Poverty and Socioeconomic Pressures:
The story reflects the economic struggles faced by many Filipino families during the time. Poverty and the desire for a better life drive the characters' motivations. The father's actions, though morally questionable, are driven by the desperate need to provide for his family.
Respect for Elders:
There is a clear portrayal of the cultural norm of respecting elders and parental authority. The character's deference to his father's wishes, despite personal desires and opinions, highlights the influence of traditional Filipino values on individual behavior.
Fatalism and Acceptance of Fate:
The fatalistic view that "the world is an apple" symbolizes a belief in predestined outcomes. This cultural element contributes to the characters' acceptance of their circumstances and their resignation to the idea that certain events are beyond their control.
Sense of Shame and Saving Face:
The characters in the story are concerned with societal perceptions and the need to save face. The fear of shame and judgment from others influences their decisions and actions, particularly in how they handle their family's situation.
Religious Influence:
The story may incorporate elements of Catholicism, which is a dominant religion in the Philippines. The characters' actions and moral dilemmas may be influenced by their religious beliefs, adding another layer to their motivations and decisions.
In summary, "The World is an Apple" is deeply rooted in Filipino culture, exploring themes of family, poverty, respect, fatalism, and societal expectations. The characters' motivations and actions are shaped by these cultural elements, providing insight into the challenges and values prevalent in Filipino society during the period in which the story is set.