Final answer:
The correct answer is c. taxation; tribute; revenue; revenue. Throughout history, rulers have relied on taxation, tribute systems, and other methods of revenue collection to support state growth and maintain power.
Step-by-step explanation:
Rulers used various methods to generate revenue in order to enhance state power and expansion. The correct answer to fill in the blanks is: Rulers used taxation collection, tribute farming, and innovative revenue-collection systems to generate revenue. Therefore, the correct option is c. taxation; tribute; revenue; revenue.
Historical contexts show us that taxation played a crucial role in the economies of ancient civilizations. Rather than relying solely on bureaucratic systems, many societies shifted to tribute arrangements, such as the estate system, where farming collectives would pay their harvest as rent to their lords.
In different regions and eras, rulers found ways to increase the state's wealth through taxes, tribute, or converting their administrative systems to leverage more from land, agriculture, and trade. These economic strategies were essential for maintaining armies, building infrastructures like pyramids, and overall statecraft.
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