Final answer:
The section of Congress with 100 members serving 6-year terms, with only 1/3 up for reelection at a time, is the United States Senate. It was designed to provide stability, continuity, and resistance to popular opinion shifts, distinguishing it from the House of Representatives.
Step-by-step explanation:
The section of Congress that is described as having 100 members who serve 6-year terms with only 1/3 up for reelection at a time to ensure continuity and resistance to popular pressure is the United States Senate. This arrangement, as outlined in Section 3 Clause 2, maintains the Senate as a continuous body, with staggered terms designed to create stability and provide longer-term perspective in legislation, distancing the Senate from fluctuations in public opinion. The Senate's role in the bicameral legislature of the United States Congress is to represent the interests of the states, and initially, state legislatures appointed senators. However, after the 17th Amendment, senators began to be elected by direct popular vote, offering a balance between state interests and those of the general electorate.
In contrast to the House of Representatives, which has 435 members and serves 2-year terms, the Senate's longer terms and smaller body size allow it to act with more deliberation. Members are less frequently subject to the pressures of immediate reelection, allowing them to potentially take more moderate or long-term stances on legislation. The Senate has specific rules that grant individual senators significant power to slow or block legislation, which reflects its purpose as a moderating force in contrast to the more immediately responsive House of Representatives.
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