Answer:
Hip fracture, option A
Step-by-step explanation:
The most common fracture occurring in the elderly population as a result of falls is the hip fracture (Fx), in which the proximal regions and structures of the femur often breaks. According to the CDC, upwards of 95% of these fractures are caused by ground-level falls (GLF).
The most likely reason the likelihood of experiencing a hip fracture increases as we age is that osteoclast activity is maintained or increases while osteoblast activity declines, meaning the bone cells responsible for breaking down bone are active but the bone cells responsible for remodeling and rebuilding bone are not. The bone density then decreases are a result leading to weakened and more fragile bones, making them more susceptible to breaks.
Another reason can be the incidence of certain bone disorders and mineral deficiencies like osteopenia, osteoporosis, hypocalcemia, hypoparathyroidism, and vitamin D deficiency.
The best treatment for hip fractures in the elderly is prevention, because the prognosis in this population is unfortunately not good. It can be difficult to fully regain one's independence and perform activities of daily living (ADLs). Further, hip fractures can lead to other potentially life-threatening complications like blood clots and muscle atrophy. Therefore, one should consider strategies to mitigate the risk for GLFs such as clearing the pathway, from bed to bathroom, of obstacles and floor decor and keeping said pathway adequately lit.
Fear not however, only around 3-5% of elderly individuals experience a GLF and around 1-2% result in hip fracture. Nevertheless, hip fracture is the most common fracture occurring from elderly falls, option A.