Final answer:
The major population shift in the late 1800s as a result of industrialization was the movement of rural residents to urban areas.
Step-by-step explanation:
The major population shift in the late 1800s that occurred as a result of industrialization was the movement of rural residents to urban areas. Industrialization led to the growth of factories and cities, attracting people from rural areas in search of job opportunities. This shift resulted in the rapid urbanization and the formation of large urban centers.
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