Final answer:
Primate societies with one male and multiple females are polygynous, while societies with one female and multiple males are polyandrous.
Step-by-step explanation:
In primate societies with one male and multiple females, the mating system is called polygynous. This means that one male mates with multiple females. An example of such a society is seen in gorillas, where a dominant male, called a silverback, mates with multiple females in his group.
In societies with one female and multiple males, the mating system is called polyandrous. This means that one female mates with multiple males. An example of such a society is seen in marmosets, where one female mates with multiple males in her group.
Therefore, the correct answer is option d. polygynous; polyandrous.
Learn more about Primate mating systems