Final answer:
The unique ridge patterns on fingerprints are called dermatoglyphics. They are formed by raised ridges and are used in forensic science for identification.
Step-by-step explanation:
The unique ridge patterns on fingerprints are called dermatoglyphics. These patterns are formed by raised ridges called friction ridges and are present on the fingers, palms, and soles of human beings. Dermatoglyphics are used in forensic science for identifying individuals as each person has a unique pattern on their fingertips.
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