Final answer:
Using Newton's second law, we find the acceleration due to the force acting on the object. Multiplying this acceleration by the given time period results in the change in velocity, which in this case is 24.0 m/s.
Step-by-step explanation:
To find the change in velocity caused by a force on an object over a period of time, we need to use Newton's second law of motion, which states that the force applied on an object is equal to the mass of the object multiplied by the acceleration of the object. In this case, F = ma. We're given the force (F = 4.0N) and the mass (m = 0.50kg). The acceleration (a) can then be determined by rearranging the formula to a = F/m.
To elaborate, a = F/m = 4.0N / 0.50kg = 8.0 m/s^2. Acceleration is essentially the rate of change in velocity per unit time, thus to determine the change in velocity, we multiply acceleration by time. Here, the time is given as 3.0 seconds. Therefore, the change in velocity is a ∙ t = 8.0 m/s^2 ∙ 3.0 seconds = 24.0 m/s.
In summary, the force of 4.0N acting on the 0.50kg object for 3.0 seconds will induce a change in velocity of 24.0 m/s.
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