Question

Worksheet - Ionic compounds (Dot diagrams)

Use the periodic table to find the number of valence electrons for each element, draw the dot diagram for the
element, draw the dot diagram for the ion, and name the ion.
Remember
Dot diagrams for atoms: number of dots number of valence electrons
Positive ions (cations): lose all dots and gain that many + signs
Negative ions (anions): gain enough dots to make eight and gain that many - signs
Element Name
Dot diagram (Ion)
Dot diagram (atom)
Selenium
Calcium
Fluorine
Lithium
Oxygen
Magnesium
Sulfur
Sodium
Chlorine
Potassium
Bromine
Barium
Name
Period
Date
Iodine
Aluminum
Ion name

Answer 1

To draw the dot diagram for an element, find the number of valence electrons by looking at the group number or column in the periodic table. The dot diagram for the ion is determined by the charge, and the name of the ion is based on the charge as well.

Step-by-step explanation:

To draw the dot diagram for an element, we need to find the number of valence electrons for that element. The valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level or shell of an atom. We can determine the number of valence electrons by looking at the group number or column of that element in the periodic table. For example, selenium is in group 16, so it has 6 valence electrons.

The dot diagram for a selenium atom would be: Se •

To draw the dot diagram for the ion of an element, we need to know whether it forms a positive ion (cation) or negative ion (anion). Cations are formed by losing electrons, and anions are formed by gaining electrons. For example, the ion of selenium (Se) would gain two electrons to form an anion with a charge of -2. The dot diagram for the selenium ion (Se2-) would be: Se2- • • •

The name of the ion is determined by the charge. The name of the selenium ion with a charge of -2 would be selenide.

Answer 2

To draw dot diagrams for elements, determine the number of valence electrons. Draw the dot diagram for the element and ion, and name the ion based on its charge.

Step-by-step explanation:

To draw dot diagrams for elements, you need to determine the number of valence electrons for each element. Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom. In general, the number of valence electrons for main group elements can be determined by looking at their periodic group number.

For example, Selenium (Se) is in Group 16, so it has 6 valence electrons. Its dot diagram would have 6 dots around the symbol. To draw the dot diagram for the ion, you need to know the charge on the ion. Selenium typically forms an ion with a charge of -2, so it would gain 2 more dots to complete its octet, resulting in a dot diagram with 8 dots and 2 - signs.

The ion would be called a selenide ion. You can follow the same process to determine the number of valence electrons, draw the dot diagram for the element and ion, and name the ion, for the other elements listed in the worksheet.

Learn more about Dot diagrams and naming ions of various elements