Final answer:
Thomas Paine's work 'Common Sense' refuted arguments against revolution by advocating for natural rights and republicanism, criticizing hereditary monarchy, and highlighting the British government's neglect of its duty to the American colonies.
Step-by-step explanation:
Thomas Paine, in his influential work Common Sense, refuted the argument against having a revolution by addressing the limitations of hereditary monarchy and making a case for representative government. He emphasized the failings of King George III and the British government to fulfill their duty to the people of the colonies. Paine's arguments were grounded in Enlightenment principles, advocating for natural rights and republicanism, and denounced the monarchy as incompatible with the equality and self-governance entitled to human beings. His pamphlet argued that the British had prioritized their own interests over that of the colonies and hindered their economic growth, justifying a revolution to establish a new government aligned with the ideals of the Enlightenment.