Final answer:
Stress can both increase and decrease immune activity depending on the circumstances.
Step-by-step explanation:
Studies of the immune system in humans have found that stress can lead to increased levels of immune activity. When the body is under stress, the adrenal glands release stress hormones such as cortisol, which can stimulate the immune system. This can result in an increase in immune cell production and activity.
On the other hand, chronic or prolonged stress can have the opposite effect. It can lead to decreased levels of immune activity. Stress hormones can suppress immune system function, making the body more susceptible to infections and diseases.
Therefore, stress can have both positive and negative effects on immune activity, depending on the duration and intensity of the stressor.
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