Final answer:
Approximately 145 kilometers (90 miles) above Earth's surface, the atmosphere ends and outer space begins. However, there is no clearly defined upper limit to the atmosphere; it gradually fades in space.
Step-by-step explanation:
Approximately 145 kilometers (90 miles) above Earth's surface, the atmosphere ends and outer space begins.
However, it is important to note that there is no clearly defined upper limit to the atmosphere, and it gradually fades in space. This means that the transition between Earth's atmosphere and outer space is not abrupt.
Scientists estimate that the Kármán line, which is located at approximately 100 kilometers (62 miles) above sea level, is often used as a boundary between Earth's atmosphere and outer space.
Learn more about Boundary between Earth's atmosphere and outer space