Final answer:
The nigrostriatal pathway has dual effects: inhibiting the indirect pathway and exciting the direct pathway, both of which impact movement regulation.
Step-by-step explanation:
The nigrostriatal pathway is a neural pathway in the brain that connects the substantia nigra, a structure in the midbrain, to the striatum, a part of the basal ganglia. It plays a crucial role in the regulation of movement. The dual effects of the nigrostriatal pathway include inhibiting the indirect pathway and exciting the direct pathway.
When the nigrostriatal pathway inhibits the indirect pathway, it helps to facilitate movement by reducing the activity of inhibitory neurons. This allows for the initiation and execution of movement.
On the other hand, when the nigrostriatal pathway excites the direct pathway, it further enhances movement by increasing the activity of excitatory neurons. This helps to support the initiation and execution of voluntary movements.
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