Final answer:
With respect to the immune system, stress can either increase or decrease its activity depending on various factors. Short-term, acute stress can enhance the immune response, while long-term, chronic stress can suppress the immune system.
Step-by-step explanation:
With respect to the immune system, stress may increase or decrease the system's activity. The effects of stress on the immune system depend on various factors such as the duration and intensity of stress. Short-term, acute stress can actually enhance the immune response, while long-term, chronic stress can suppress the immune system.
For example, acute stress can trigger the release of stress hormones like adrenaline, which can temporarily increase immune activity and help the body respond to potential threats. On the other hand, chronic stress can lead to prolonged cortisol release, which can suppress immune function.
Therefore, stress can have both positive and negative effects on the immune system, depending on the circumstances.
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