Answer
diffusion
Step-by-step explanation:
Diffusion is a passive process that occurs due to the random movement of molecules. In this process, substances move from an area of higher concentration, where there are more molecules, to an area of lower concentration, where there are fewer molecules. This movement continues until an equilibrium is reached, where the concentration of the substance is the same throughout the cell or the system.
To understand diffusion, let's consider an example of a drop of food coloring being added to a glass of water. Initially, the food coloring is concentrated in one area, but over time, the molecules of food coloring will spread out evenly throughout the water. This is because the food coloring molecules move randomly and collide with other water molecules, causing them to spread out.
Diffusion is an essential process for cells as it allows them to exchange nutrients, gases, and waste products with their surroundings. It plays a crucial role in various biological processes such as respiration, digestion, and the transport of molecules across cell membranes.
In summary, diffusion is the name given to the process by which substances move from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration. It is a passive process driven by the random movement of molecules and is important for the exchange of substances in and out of cells.