Final answer:
The Industrial Revolution and modern medicine are the two major contributors to the increase in the size of Earth's human population in the last century.
Step-by-step explanation:
The two major contributors to the increase in the size of Earth's human population in the last century are the Industrial Revolution and modern medicine. The Industrial Revolution brought technological advancements that increased food production, allowing for more people to be fed. Modern medicine led to significant improvements in healthcare, which resulted in a decrease in mortality rates and an increase in life expectancy. These factors combined have contributed to the dramatic increase in the human population.
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