Answer:
Step-by-step explanation:
The correct answer is B. Expeditions were very expensive and monarchs were the only ones who could afford them.
In the past, launching expeditions was a costly endeavor. It required substantial financial resources to fund the necessary ships, crew, and supplies. Monarchs, who were the rulers of their respective countries, were often the only ones with the financial means to finance these expeditions.
For example, during the Age of Exploration, monarchs like Queen Isabella of Spain sponsored Christopher Columbus' voyages to the New World. Without the financial backing of the Spanish monarchy, Columbus would not have been able to undertake these expeditions.
On the other hand, option B, stating that merchants wanted to remain close to Europe, is incorrect. Merchants, especially during the Age of Exploration, played a significant role in funding and participating in expeditions. They sought new trade routes and resources to expand their businesses. The desire for profits motivated many merchants to support and join these expeditions.
Option C, suggesting that the Church did not encourage exploration, is also incorrect. While it is true that the Church had concerns about the spread of Christianity and the influence of other religions, they played a vital role in promoting exploration. The Church sponsored and supported expeditions in order to spread Christianity to new lands and convert indigenous populations.
Lastly, option D, stating that monarchs were the only ones interested in exploration, is also incorrect. Many individuals, including merchants, explorers, and adventurers, were driven by a sense of curiosity, the desire for wealth, and the pursuit of fame. They were motivated to explore and discover new lands, resources, and trade routes.
In summary, the main reason why monarchs initially were the only ones who launched expeditions was that they had the financial means to fund these costly endeavors. However, it is important to note that other individuals and groups, such as merchants and the Church, also played significant roles in exploration during different periods of history.