Final answer:
Atherosclerosis is a condition where plaque builds up in arteries, narrowing and hardening them. It can lead to heart attacks and strokes. Lifestyle changes and medication can help prevent or treat it.
Step-by-step explanation:
Atherosclerosis is a condition characterized by the build-up of plaque in the arteries, which leads to narrowing and hardening of the arteries. The plaque consists of cholesterol, fat, calcium, and other substances. Over time, this can restrict blood flow and increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
When the inner lining of the artery is damaged, cholesterol and other substances in the blood start accumulating at the site of injury. This triggers an immune response, leading to the formation of fatty streaks. Over time, these fatty streaks can develop into plaques, which can narrow or block the artery completely.
Atherosclerosis is influenced by various factors, including high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, smoking, obesity, diabetes, and a sedentary lifestyle. Prevention and treatment strategies involve lifestyle changes, such as a healthy diet, regular exercise, smoking cessation, and medication when necessary.
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