Final answer:
The process is called Endocytosis, which is a type of active transport that involves the cell using ATP to engulf a substance and enclose it in a new vacuole.
Step-by-step explanation:
The process by which a cell uses ATP to enclose a substance in its membrane, by forming a vacuole and engulfing it, is called Endocytosis. Endocytosis is a method of active transport, which moves particles like large molecules, parts of cells, or whole cells into a cell. It is characterized by the invagination of the cell's plasma membrane to form a pocket around the target particle. This pocket then pinches off, resulting in an intracellular vesicle enclosing the substance. The cell uses ATP as energy to perform this process. This vesicle is essentially a vacuole formed from the plasma membrane. There are variations of endocytosis, including pinocytosis (engulfing small particles in a fluid) and phagocytosis (engulfing of larger particles).
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