Final answer:
Trade expanded significantly from the beginning of the Middle Ages to the High Middle Ages, due to factors such as population growth, urbanization, technological advancements, and the development of trade routes. This expansion had a profound impact on Europe, leading to the growth of cities, the rise of a merchant class, and cultural diffusion.
Step-by-step explanation:
Trade in the Middle Ages
In the beginning of the Middle Ages, trade was primarily local and limited. Most trade during this time was conducted within small communities, and long-distance trade was rare. However, as the High Middle Ages progressed, trade expanded significantly.
Growth of Trade
Several factors contributed to the expansion of trade during the High Middle Ages:
- Population Growth: The population in Europe increased, creating a higher demand for goods.
- Urbanization: Cities grew rapidly during this period, becoming centers of trade and commerce.
- Technological Advancements: Innovations in shipbuilding, such as the development of the carrack, enabled long-distance trade and exploration.
- Development of Trade Routes: New trade routes, such as the Silk Road and the Hanseatic League, connected different regions and facilitated the exchange of goods.
Impact of Trade
The expansion of trade had significant effects on Europe during the High Middle Ages. It led to the growth of cities and the rise of a merchant class. The exchange of goods and ideas also contributed to cultural diffusion and the spread of new technologies.
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