Answer:
The Renaissance started due to a revival of interest in classical art, literature, and humanism, driven by factors like economic prosperity, patronage, and the fall of Constantinople. Renaissance means "rebirth."
Secular thought is a focus on worldly rather than religious matters. It was important during the Renaissance as people sought to explore human potential and achievements in various fields beyond the religious realm.
Florence was significant during the Renaissance as a major center of trade, finance, and cultural innovation. It was a hub for artistic and intellectual developments.
Humanism is an intellectual movement emphasizing the study of classical texts and human potential and achievements.
A "Renaissance Man" is an individual skilled in a wide range of fields. Leonardo da Vinci is often considered a quintessential example.
The printing press, invented by Johannes Gutenberg, changed history by making books more accessible and facilitating the spread of knowledge. The first printed book was the Gutenberg Bible.
The causes of the Reformation include corruption within the Catholic Church, the sale of indulgences, and theological disagreements. Martin Luther initiated the Reformation.
Martin Luther was upset with the church's sale of indulgences and its perceived corruption. His response included the posting of the 95 Theses, challenging church practices.
The three main points Luther addressed were salvation by faith alone, the priesthood of all believers, and the authority of the Bible.
Henry VIII wanted to become Protestant due to his desire for a male heir and dissatisfaction with the Pope's refusal to annul his marriage to Catherine of Aragon.
John Calvin's beliefs included predestination and the idea of a theocratic government.
The church's response to the Reformation was the Counter-Reformation, marked by the Council of Trent, which addressed and reformed certain practices within the Catholic Church.
Step-by-step explanation:
The Renaissance began as a revival of classical art, literature, and humanism, driven by factors like economic prosperity, patronage, and the fall of Constantinople. The term "Renaissance" means "rebirth," reflecting the renewed interest in cultural achievements.
Secular thought, focusing on worldly matters, was crucial during the Renaissance as people explored human potential beyond religious constraints. Florence played a significant role in this period as a center for trade, finance, and cultural innovation.
Humanism, emphasizing classical texts and human potential, defined the intellectual movement. A "Renaissance Man" like Leonardo da Vinci showcased proficiency in various fields.
The printing press, invented by Johannes Gutenberg, transformed history by making books more accessible. The Reformation, initiated by Martin Luther, was driven by corruption in the Catholic Church, indulgence sales, and theological disputes.
Martin Luther challenged the church with the 95 Theses, addressing salvation by faith alone, the priesthood of all believers, and the authority of the Bible. Henry VIII's desire for a male heir led him to seek Protestantism, while John Calvin emphasized predestination.
The church responded with the Counter-Reformation, addressing concerns through the Council of Trent and reforming pract