Final answer:
The amendments that help guarantee the right to a fair jury trial are the Sixth and Seventh Amendments. The prosecution must supply evidence to the defense before a trial, and accused persons are protected against excess time in jail through bail and speedy trial guarantees.
Step-by-step explanation:
The amendments to the Constitution that help guarantee the right to a fair jury trial are the Sixth and Seventh Amendments. The Sixth Amendment ensures that people accused of crimes have the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury. The Seventh Amendment guarantees the right to a jury trial in civil cases where the value in controversy exceeds $20.
Before a trial, the prosecution must supply certain information to the defense, in a process known as discovery. This includes providing any evidence that they plan to use in court, such as documents, witness statements, or forensic test results.
Accused persons are protected against spending too much time in jail through the concepts of bail and speedy trial. Bail allows defendants to be released from jail pending trial if they can provide a certain amount of money or collateral. If the accused person is unable to pay bail, they may remain in jail until their trial. The speedy trial guarantee ensures that the accused is brought to trial within a reasonable amount of time, preventing excessive pretrial detention.
Learn more about The right to a fair trial in the US legal system