Final answer:
Enforcing laws fairly in the Executive Branch is challenged by bureaucracy and interest group influences, as well as the complexity of fairly applying laws to diverse situations.
Step-by-step explanation:
Challenges to fair enforcement of laws by executive departments include the complexity and size of the federal bureaucracy, as well as the influence of interest groups. With over 2 million civilian employees, diverse priorities, and varying interpretations of the law, maintaining consistent application and enforcement proves difficult. Additionally, interest groups often lobby for executive, judicial, and other appointments, potentially influencing the enforcement of laws and introducing bias. Furthermore, when considering fairness, there is a philosophical debate about whether applying the same laws and punishments to all, without regard to mitigating circumstances, is in fact just.