Final answer:
The literary device employed in the sentence is allusion to Marius brooding among the ruins of Carthage.
Step-by-step explanation:
The literary device employed in the sentence from Herman Melville's short story 'Bartleby, the Scrivener' is allusion. In this sentence, the author alludes to the historical figure of Marius brooding among the ruins of Carthage. This helps to create a sense of solitude and desolation in the story. The reference to Marius is symbolic of Bartleby's own isolation and his contemplation of the ruins of his life.
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