Final answer:
Directional selection occurs when a population experiences a shift in diversity toward the larger organisms. This type of selection favors one extreme phenotype and can lead to changes in the population's characteristics and drive evolution towards specific traits.
Step-by-step explanation:
When a population experiences a shift in diversity toward the larger organisms, it is an example of directional selection. In this type of selection, one extreme phenotype is favored over the others, resulting in a shift towards that phenotype over time.
For example, in a population of birds, if larger birds have a competitive advantage in obtaining food, then over generations, the average size of the bird population may increase.
Directional selection can lead to changes in the characteristics of a population and can drive evolution towards specific traits.
Learn more about Directional selection in biological diversity